Closed captions transcript:

00:00:00
Ashley Thompson.

00:00:13
There is no way new I'm David Berg the World
Health Organization reports the number

00:00:20
of new infections of Corona virus appears
to be on the decline in China even as the

00:00:25
disease is spreading more rapidly around
the globe as Lisa shrine reports the u.n.

00:00:31
Organization says the virus could be
contained if nations take the right measures

00:00:36
that b.h.o.

00:00:37
Chief dangers I don't know Gabriel says
this virus does not respect borders and

00:00:42
nations must seek to prevent cases from
infiltrating their territory at the same

00:00:46
time he says they must have

00:00:48
a plan ready to care for those who are
sick and for stopping the virus from

00:00:53
infecting others every country needs to
be ready to detect cases every 2 I donate

00:00:59
patients. So that's going to practice
provide quality care event was

00:01:05
a lot breaks and 7 community times
mission Tadros says covered 9000 house

00:01:12
pandemic potential but there's still
time to prevent country epidemics from

00:01:16
developing into a global pandemic
and for v.o.a. News Geneva u.s.

00:01:22
Vice president Mike Pence convened his 1st
meeting of the coronavirus task force

00:01:27
Thursday one day after President Donald
Trump made him the government's point

00:01:31
person for the epidemic Pand said the
administration's priority is protecting the

00:01:36
American people President wanted to make
the people who want to bring the whole of

00:01:41
government approach to this. President want
to make it clear what horniness is for

00:01:47
him and for administration the vice president
on Thursday brought in Debbie Burke's

00:01:53
the administration's global
aids coordinator and

00:01:56
a medical doctor to serve as his chief
advisor for responding to the virus outbreak

00:02:02
For more visit our website v.o.a. News dot
com You can also follow us on the v.o.a.

00:02:08
Mobile app this is v.o.a.

00:02:11
News Turkish officials said Friday their
artillery had opened fire on Syrian

00:02:17
government targets after 22 Turkish
soldiers were killed in an air strike on

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Thursday Meanwhile the Kremlin said Thursday
President Vladimir Putin has no plans

00:02:28
to meet with Turkey's president next week
to discuss the fighting in Syria Reuters

00:02:33
Adam read reports. Turkey has sent thousands
of troops and heavy military hardware

00:02:39
to Syria's region in its unprecedented
incision to back the rebels. Nearly

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a 1000000 Syrian civilians have fled over
the last 3 months the biggest exodus of

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the war. Despite the rebels claiming

00:02:54
a victory Russian news agency citing
military sources denying it. Forces loyal to

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Syrian President Bashar al Assad aided by
Russia and Iranian militias have gained

00:03:06
ground in about 60 settlements in the
last 3 days. The Kremlin said on Thursday

00:03:12
that Vladimir Putin had no plans to meet
his Turkish counterpart president next

00:03:18
week to discuss the situation despite
statements on yesterday saying

00:03:22
a meeting would be likely That's
Adam Reed of Reuters The u.n.

00:03:27
Warned on Thursday that

00:03:29
a locust outbreak in eastern Africa is
continuing to spread and threatens to

00:03:33
intensify writers David dawdle report the
UN's Food and Agricultural Organization

00:03:38
representative to Kenya Dr
Tobias talk of Russia says it's

00:03:42
a disaster that eclipses all others
much as we see it much as we say that

00:03:49
floods can be

00:03:50
a threat but if you are trying to link them
I think they're all through it but does

00:03:55
it because this regime is in
unprecedented fit would support

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a single square kilometer
swarm can eat as much food in

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a day as $35000.00 people. And the f.a.

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Award last month that left unchecked the
number of locusts in East Africa could

00:04:10
explode by 500 times by June. That
is David Doyle reporting on Wall

00:04:17
Street markets continued to plunge for
the 6th straight day on investor worries

00:04:21
about the economic impact of the Kovac
1000. A.P.'s Mike Ross the reports. The

00:04:28
drubbing on financial markets stemming from
Corona virus outbreak worries continued

00:04:32
in Thursday's trading on Wall Street the
Dow Jones Industrials plunged $1193.00

00:04:38
points losing 4.4 percent to close
at 25 $1763.00 the s. And p.

00:04:44
$500.00 lost $137.00 points or 4.4 percent
and the Nasdaq fell $414.00 points

00:04:50
shouting 4.6 percent a value the s. And p.

00:04:53
Is headed to its worst week since October
2008 I Mike Rossiya For more visit our

00:04:59
website v.o.a. News dot com
I'm David furth v.o.a.

00:05:04
News.

00:05:15
Face relentless attacks every day Every
night we face difficulties now things are

00:05:21
much better

00:05:22
a truce with the Taliban holding for the
moment it's Friday February 28th and this

00:05:29
is. I'm done Bernard in Washington also
had President Trump tries to soothe

00:05:36
nerves about covert 19
protecting culture and classic

00:05:43
Cambodian music no longer
outlawed it's on today's v.o.a.

00:05:49
.

00:05:57
The number of covert 900 cases in South
Korea continues to jump and this part of

00:06:02
the virus is having an effect on diplomatic
and defense issues related to North

00:06:08
Korea v.o.a.

00:06:09
Seoul correspondent Bill Gallo briefed my
colleague Kate pound Dawson on the latest

00:06:15
. About one week ago there were only
around $30.00 to $50.00 infection

00:06:22
confirmed infection of the corona virus in
South Korea. Today that number has shot

00:06:29
up to 1766 today with actually the
biggest daily increase yet we saw over

00:06:36
500 new confirmed infection. You
know it is shooting up rapidly it's

00:06:42
in part because Korea is very technologically
advanced they're very proactive it

00:06:48
think they've had it a lot of
people therefore they have

00:06:51
a lot more confirmed cases however visited
Crating and then worry I wouldn't They

00:06:57
panic but isn't that widespread worry and
South Korea. I mean we wonder if the

00:07:03
southeastern region.
Of the courtyard. But.

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Many different parts of the come to. Only

00:07:12
a matter of time before it will be in every
region of the country. Now how is this

00:07:18
affecting the relationship between North
Korea and South Korea and North Korea so

00:07:22
far as said it does not have any infections
and at the same time there's been an

00:07:27
effort to build

00:07:30
a different better relationship between the
South and the north as well as the u.s.

00:07:36
Effort to negotiate on North Korea's nuclear
weapons how does this factor into the

00:07:42
mix when we immediately go on the
nuclear talks that they have just been

00:07:49
absolutely slammed shut your career had
to think really good think income the

00:07:55
outside world they prevented any
international tourists from coming yet they

00:08:01
believe it going to the core border with
China what we are hearing from sources

00:08:05
here in South Korea is that it had been
weeks since North Korean officials have

00:08:10
been able to get actually get out and
meet their counterparts whether that u.s.

00:08:15
Counterpart their European counterparts
they've essentially warp and then the

00:08:20
bottom got nowhere but the
interesting thing is that the u.s.

00:08:23
And South Korea were actually forced to
postpone and definitely they're you know

00:08:29
when Kerry exercises that were planned
to start next week the result of that is

00:08:34
better there may be fewer
tension between u.s.

00:08:37
And North Korea the military actions
by the courts with that sort of great

00:08:42
restoration by North Korea every year
with me to happen they usually make

00:08:47
a big rocket and you something in response
to that at the middle there I want to

00:08:52
survive that that apparently will not happen
now but I mean that everything became

00:08:57
because North Korea I'd be very worried
about but reading with don't go ordered

00:09:02
Well you mentioned the u.s.

00:09:04
Forces there in South Korea we
do know that there is one u.s.

00:09:08
Service member who's been affected how
is. Coronavirus affecting the u.s.

00:09:14
Military operations and life for the u.s.

00:09:17
Military there's about 20000 troops plus
some family members civilian employees

00:09:23
there is great concern that
that has reached the u.s.

00:09:27
Military here in South Korea so far it only
has infected one service member 2 other

00:09:34
people who are linked u.s.

00:09:35
Bases here have been infected by the fact
that the virus is so highly contagious

00:09:42
and the fact that you have a lot of
people living close together on u.s.

00:09:45
Military bases sharing communal
things sharing meals this is

00:09:50
a situation that is probably easy for

00:09:53
a virus like this to spread so
there is great concern using

00:09:56
a lot of restrictions choir who is allowed
to act the bait who go out to leave the

00:10:02
base a lot of business is entertainment
but I think things like this on u.s.

00:10:07
Military bases have been closed or restricted
that was via ways correspondent in

00:10:13
Seoul Bill Gallo speaking with
editor Kate pound Dawson.

00:10:22
These are among the top Asia headlines
you'll find right now on v.o.a.

00:10:26
News dot com security forces deployed
Thursday to parts of India's capital were

00:10:32
days of clashes between Hindus and Muslims
killed at least 32 people Japan will

00:10:39
close schools nationwide to help control
the spread of the new virus the government

00:10:44
announced on Thursday and multinationals
in China are urging China's government to

00:10:50
provide tax relief while putting

00:10:53
a priority on transparency and consistent
policies in its fight against covert

00:10:59
19 read and watch more on v.o.a.

00:11:03
Asia Facebook and Twitter plus our
website we'll weigh News dot com.

00:11:19
Leo Asia continues after 19 years of

00:11:22
a grueling conflict that has killed more
than 100000 people the war in Afghanistan

00:11:29
may finally be ending so far all signs seem
to be respecting an agreement to reduce

00:11:35
violence that came into effect
on Saturday but as v.o.a.

00:11:39
Zoe should Tanzim reports an internal
political crisis has threatened to derail

00:11:45
that process the super pull check post
on the Kabul Kandahar highway used to

00:11:51
constantly be under attack by the Taliban
since the start of the partial truth the

00:11:57
soldiers guarding the post are breathing

00:12:00
a sigh of relief it used to face relentless
attacks every day Every night we faced

00:12:06
immense difficulties now things are much
better the same is true for shopkeepers in

00:12:12
the Durani bazaar and one of that province
they've even increased their business I

00:12:18
used to close my shop if I. Yeah you're
right about now the 3rd ceasefire I closed

00:12:22
my shop at 6 pm to go and have not heard
any gunfire last Friday after 19 years of

00:12:28
war the United States and
the polygon agreed to

00:12:31
a weeklong partial truths at the end
of it if all goes well they will sign

00:12:38
a deal on the 29th of February and cut
there's capital Doha the deal outlines

00:12:44
a road map for the bedroll of u.s.

00:12:47
Troops from Afghanistan one of President
Donald Trump's campaign promises we don't

00:12:53
want it also requires the polygon to
negotiate with other Us cons including the

00:12:59
government on the future direction of
their countrymen. In Washington u.s.

00:13:04
Secretary of state Mike palm pills said
Tuesday the goal is to reach an Afghani

00:13:10
solution and our mission set is very clear
we want to assist and provide structure

00:13:15
so that the Afghans can all to make get
an outcome that is led by Afghanis driven

00:13:20
by Afghanis and has

00:13:21
a long term solution that all the people
of Afghanistan can live with but the

00:13:25
upcoming government is in turmoil following
presidential elections in which 2

00:13:30
candidates incumbent funny and rival

00:13:34
a beloved the law have declared
victory the bitter standoff comes at

00:13:39
a time when ask on politicians should be
building consensus on how to negotiate

00:13:44
with the Taliban says analyst Michael Cooma
and yet at that very moment when you

00:13:49
most need that common united front these
longstanding divides within the Afghan

00:13:55
political class have been exacerbated because
of the political crisis coming out of

00:13:59
the election giving you

00:14:01
a sense to come together in one of them
to team to negotiate with the problem

00:14:06
beyond was already difficult observers
say this crisis has just added to it.

00:14:14
Than seem n.w. Islam by the Afghanistan.
Where have you. With us on v.o.a.

00:14:21
Asia after accusing the media of stoking
fears about the spread of coronavirus and

00:14:27
creating panic in financial markets
President Donald Trump is now seeking to

00:14:32
reassure Americans that his administration
has the pathogen under control White

00:14:39
House correspondent Patsy would

00:14:40
a coup Swara as the story. Away appearance
by President Donald Trump in the White

00:14:47
House briefing room the 2nd one since he
came into office to tell Americans about

00:14:51
federal efforts against the coronavirus is
administration is requesting to now have

00:14:56
$1000000000.00 of responding from Congress
because of we've done the risk to the

00:15:02
American people remains very
low a day earlier the u.s.

00:15:06
Centers for Disease Control warned that
Americans should expect coronavirus

00:15:09
outbreaks in their communities and disruption
to their lives has been accusing the

00:15:14
media of exaggerating the spread of the
virus and creating panic in the stock

00:15:19
market obviously we want to make sure we
mitigate that economic impacts and the

00:15:22
extent to which public fear is driving
that that's important but I think the

00:15:27
overall message that we should expect to
see cases here. You know and get ready for

00:15:32
those cases and think about how we're going
to mitigate the impacts in fact that

00:15:36
Americans number in the dozens but more
a case are expected so far the u.s.

00:15:40
Has tested fewer than 500 people only those
who have traveled to China despite the

00:15:46
global spread of the virus are you planning
to test more people are just doing

00:15:50
everybody that we need to test. And we're
finding very little problem Democrats

00:15:56
have criticized for downplaying the spread
of the virus the administration has no

00:16:00
plan. They have cut back repeatedly on our
lines of defense whether it is in the

00:16:07
c.d.c.

00:16:08
Or in the National Security Council there
are more than $80000.00 cases around the

00:16:12
world with more than $2700.00 deaths the
idea of containing it meaning stopping the

00:16:17
spread is probably not. Within reach I
think we should need to shift our focus to

00:16:22
thinking about how to
mitigate it several u.s.

00:16:24
States are preparing for

00:16:25
a worst case scenarios including New York
Governor Andrew Cuomo is requesting an

00:16:30
additional 40000000 dollars of federal
funding will also be asking the federal

00:16:36
government to allow the state to
do its own testing the state has

00:16:40
a very sophisticated Department
of Health System and

00:16:44
a very sophisticated laboratory that I'm
going to be putting our vice president

00:16:48
Mike Pence in charge has appointed vice
president Mike Pence to lead the federal

00:16:52
government effort against colon Elias
has. A news at the White House and you're

00:16:59
listening to v.o.a.

00:17:00
Asia. The news never stops so keep current

00:17:07
on your mobile device with v.o.a.

00:17:09
To just go to m dot be away News dot com
slash English for instance up to the bit

00:17:14
of news and entertainment check em Dobby
away News dot com slash English on your

00:17:19
handheld device board believes as it
happens stay connected with the fashion

00:17:24
changing world with v.o.a.

00:17:26
News dot com slash English.

00:17:33
This is news alert from v.o.a.

00:17:35
Asia North Korean authorities have
sealed their borders and impose strict

00:17:40
quarantine measures clearing
coronavirus prevention measures

00:17:44
a matter of national survival on the
southern side of the peninsula the United

00:17:49
States and South Korea have indefinitely
for postponed joint military drill

00:17:56
this is a v.o.a.

00:17:57
Asia. Continues the United Nations

00:18:04
says Rohingya Muslims and other minorities
in Myanmar are expressing an upsurge in

00:18:10
violations and abuse for prejudice
and hate speech the u.n.

00:18:16
High Commissioner for
Human Rights submitted

00:18:18
a report on the root causes of abuse in
Myanmar to the un Human Rights Council in

00:18:24
Geneva. And reports for Rio away from
Geneva human rights chief Michelle

00:18:31
Bachelet says laws and policies promoting
discrimination and exclusion against

00:18:37
religious and ethnic minorities in me
and Mar have existed for more than half

00:18:41
a century they have contributed to and
perpetrated by extreme poverty exploitation

00:18:47
and this profession not
the 1982. When they left

00:18:54
a significant proportion of another
Muslim compounding the nobility

00:18:59
a person of the stateless Muslim minority
peaked in August 2017 that was when

00:19:05
violence and persecution reported killings
and rape by the me and Mara military

00:19:11
triggered

00:19:11
a mass exodus of more than $700000.00
ruining go to Bangladesh says other

00:19:18
ethnic and religious minorities across
Mian are also suffer serious human rights

00:19:23
violations at the hands of the military
says their counter-insurgency policies and

00:19:29
tactics at times have deliberately
targeted civilians the recent upsurge of

00:19:35
violence and also be partly attributed to
the stresses and uncertainties of Myanmar

00:19:41
current transition from

00:19:42
a case of. Public access to social media

00:19:49
enable extremist. Movement to propagate
messages inciting hatred and violence

00:19:56
fueling communal tensions but urges the
gun. Meant to deescalate xenophobic

00:20:02
discriminatory practices and to promote
interfaith and interethnic tolerance me and

00:20:08
Mars

00:20:08
a basswood or to the un in Geneva. Says his
government's efforts to achieve national

00:20:14
reconciliation and peace with ethnic
armed groups are advancing but he adds

00:20:20
transforming the country
from authoritarian rule into

00:20:23
a democratic federal union takes time he
says his government is concerned about the

00:20:29
conflict in our current state and those
affected by it but disclaims responsibility

00:20:35
for the events that triggered the exodus
of the Rohingya he blames the mass

00:20:40
displacement encourage humanitarian situation
of the Rohingya on Terrorist Attacks

00:20:46
by arson. Insurgent groups active
in northern Rakhine state line for

00:20:52
v.o.a. News Geneva now on v.o.a.

00:20:56
a Sunday school in a northern
Virginia suburb of Washington d.c.

00:21:01
Is teaching the weaker language and culture
to weed are American youngsters as

00:21:06
a way to counter the repression in China
against wiggers. Province the school and I

00:21:13
care an education was founded in 2017
and was the 1st school in the u.s.

00:21:20
To offer these courses as v.o.a.

00:21:22
Is reports. Sunday morning. An

00:21:28
education in Fairfax which. The
children here busy learning

00:21:35
their parents.

00:21:44
Learning. Sunday school is the 1st of its

00:21:51
kind in the u.s.

00:21:53
So react. Principal and
cofounder. Teachers aren't.

00:22:00
80 students thank you students
but some time is becoming

00:22:04
a 100 some say Mr sometime
they. Go down to the 80 or 70

00:22:11
something like that but they are almost
between 100 to 70 going to remove the 2

00:22:18
states which her family one thing that
he 9 she and her daughter decided to use

00:22:23
their own savings to fund with their in
2017 to keep the weaker culture alive

00:22:28
following train us crackdown against.
Young province. Burning our books.

00:22:36
Teaching books. And
class. From kindergarten

00:22:43
to high school they are not teaching at
all you know you are the language and

00:22:50
the only teaching Chinese. Just
seem to hear the completely

00:22:57
even the them want to let us speak that
we want to acknowledge that's really

00:23:01
a survey or not we almost lost our
children are going to send based on course

00:23:07
language courses in 3 levels elementary
intermediate and advanced tomorrow's our

00:23:14
most teachers advanced class. Because
their Chinese Communist Party has cracked

00:23:19
down on

00:23:20
a week or so in our homeland and even
our language could harly survive so the

00:23:24
education here because the very essential
to that we descended so 1st season to

00:23:29
preserve our culture and language so I
started teaching here for the students in

00:23:35
the advanced class they feel they
are doing more when just learning

00:23:39
a language so if you learn your language
you can forget it and you can pass it on

00:23:43
to your children I'm also here does an
astronomy class there to here too and I want

00:23:48
to learn about our legend and I can become

00:23:51
a better person and learn my. Mom's
language and where she's from that's what

00:23:57
learning the culture. Our main culture

00:24:04
this is to. Defend.

00:24:12
Our community groups know how
to play and he says also

00:24:19
a report by a week or

00:24:21
a Human Rights Project says the Chinese
government has intimidated tweaker

00:24:25
Americans by threatening to put their
family members in Shin junk in camps Kerry

00:24:31
says she has lost touch with her siblings
inching junk after opening her school I

00:24:37
fear I'm. And then I have some nervous
I always thinking about that I have

00:24:44
but I think whatever might happen
that I have to be continue to

00:24:51
cause any new b.-o.

00:24:53
In news Fairfax Virginia. The American
Academy of Arts and Letters founded in

00:25:00
8981 of the most respected honor
societies in the United States

00:25:07
recently an accomplished Cambodian American
composer was brought into the fold

00:25:13
v.o.a.

00:25:13
Is checked for chop reports and you
saw. In the voices internationally

00:25:21
celebrated Cambodian American composer. Has
been awarded one of the highest honors

00:25:28
in the u.s.

00:25:29
a Lifetime membership at the American
Academy of Arts and Letters will be

00:25:34
officially inducted in May. The 77
composer was chosen based on his

00:25:41
artistic merit in music composition.

00:25:49
So. I can. Only say he owes the
success to his own Cambodian

00:25:56
identity it's my culture is what I
learned. From the right spirit I spoke.

00:26:03
Of what touches me the
most. And I thing I.

00:26:10
Am proud to say that. I am a component got

00:26:15
a scholarship to study
clarinet in the u.s.

00:26:18
In 1064 and later received

00:26:20
a Dr of musical arts from Columbia University
in 1700 for his music is known for

00:26:27
incorporating Eastern characteristics into
Western classical settings in spirit my

00:26:33
music yes Kerry the
background. Of the culture

00:26:40
in Cambodia without that background I
wouldn't be able to say in the voices.

00:26:48
The 20 minute award winning piece in the
voices was sick can Ok so we're following

00:26:54
a hiatus between 17041905.
For some of those

00:27:01
years Cambodia was ruled
by to come by rouge

00:27:05
a community 3 Jeem that killed 1700000
people and almost completely destroyed the

00:27:11
country's rich culture turned his attention
to the rescue of surviving relatives

00:27:18
and the rebuilding of additions of my
coat music and the 1st community and 1st

00:27:24
American to win in 1809 in the voices
made only the 1st American to win the

00:27:30
prestigious Romani award home said the
piece was his attempt to embrace the

00:27:36
expressions of many cultures in a single

00:27:39
a musical language and he
got the inspiration from

00:27:43
a dream in the dream I thought I
had read soon invitation to attend

00:27:49
a ritual and I heard the chanting
about. Attacks that this young

00:27:56
young Cambodian lady teenager.
Decided to commit suicide and.

00:28:04
Text to her parent to set it into
music into song funeral song

00:28:10
during during her funeral tapping into his
dream to compose in the words his own

00:28:16
employed what he calls the interaction
within himself to create an art that speaks

00:28:22
to

00:28:22
a global audience you are not only looking
I would and what could be learned and so

00:28:28
forth but don't forget that another 50
percent is the intangible it is your

00:28:35
feeling averages not yours when
you go deeper into it you hit on.

00:28:42
Archetype or mention and so forth
and back that could be shared

00:28:48
globally. Today is

00:28:54
a distinguished professor of music and
University of California San Diego and works

00:29:00
to preserve and in

00:29:01
a way for national music.
For viewing nums San Diego.

00:29:13
That is really a way Asia for today
and for this week it has been

00:29:18
a busy one thank you so much for being
with us we'll be back on Monday we hope

00:29:23
you'll join us then as
well until then be well.

00:30:09
At the. Welcome to

00:30:16
learning English

00:30:18
a daily 30 minute program from the Voice
of America I'm Jonathan Evans and I'm

00:30:25
Ashley Thomson this programme is aimed
at English learners so we speak

00:30:30
a little slower and we use words and phrases
especially written for people learning

00:30:37
English. Today on the program

00:30:44
Ashley and I will bring you stories along
with Brian Lennon later we will present

00:30:50
our American history series The Making of

00:30:53
a nation but 1st. In the
United States some once loved

00:31:00
stores are trying to understand
the creasing sales jewelry store

00:31:07
Tiffany and Company is an example clothing
store they get up and motorcycles

00:31:13
store Harley Davidson are others
these 3 are more than shopping

00:31:20
places they are brands public image
is strongly linked with an object or

00:31:27
person but today's younger Americans
in their twenty's and thirty's

00:31:33
are not as entrusted in buying things
from these brands as their parents were

00:31:41
instead

00:31:42
a store like Target has gained in the
attention and money of many so-called

00:31:48
Millennial people who became
adults in the 21st century

00:31:55
target has been

00:31:55
a rock I want it for more than 50
years. Today it is the 8th largest

00:32:02
seller in the country one reason is
because it has changed its stores

00:32:09
for

00:32:10
a new generation of shoppers for
example it started offering more

00:32:16
natural foods and designer
clothing it also created

00:32:22
a showroom for the latest kinds
of things for the home target's

00:32:29
success shows that the in-store
experience remains important

00:32:35
while many Americans are shopping
on law in just 11 percent of retail

00:32:42
sales are done on the Internet
that means 89 percent of buying

00:32:49
is done in the traditional
way walking into

00:32:52
a store reports the United
States Department of Commerce

00:32:59
target was really stuck and all the sudden
it was able to again drive the growth

00:33:05
with millennial Zz says Jason
Dorsey He is president and

00:33:11
a millennial expert at the Center
for generational kinetics target

00:33:17
noticed that millennia old shop differently
from their parents since they are the

00:33:24
country's largest living generation
they are important for retailers

00:33:31
they want new things not the old
brands they grew up knowing they also

00:33:38
want adventure and experiences
finally they are very concerned with

00:33:45
bread and that feel authentic Dorsey
said what Millennial Zz tell us

00:33:52
is that an authentic bread and has

00:33:54
a personality the brand
itself has values he added

00:34:01
that millennial also value
convenience. Millennia olds are

00:34:08
expected to be big spenders over
the next 10 years in that time

00:34:15
they will began to buy things for new
homes and to start having children

00:34:22
brands that fail to appeal to these
important young shoppers can quickly find

00:34:28
themselves in trouble. Any ols will
not buy older brands that they think

00:34:34
don't really understand or
get them Dorsey says he says

00:34:40
retailers that sell items that seem
to be special are likely to do well

00:34:48
in contrast millennia olds have not shown
much interest in the costly jewelry sold

00:34:55
by Tiffany the 200 year old
brand is now being sold to

00:35:01
a French company at Harley Davidson
sales of motorcycles have been

00:35:08
decreasing since 2014 the brand
once represented freedom and

00:35:15
the possibilities of the open
road now young people want to use

00:35:22
ride to sharing companies to move
around and most young people today do

00:35:29
not shop at the Gap whose clothes
were once so common they looked like

00:35:35
a uniform for Americans in their twenty's
you know millennial holes are the

00:35:42
most photographed generation of
adults in history Dorsey said in

00:35:48
those photographs they want to send

00:35:51
a message Dorsey explained they want
to show that they buy from stores that

00:35:58
treat people well and are
good for the environment.

00:36:29
Up to La Mohamed would do anything
to make his daughter happy that

00:36:36
includes forcing himself to laugh
with her when they hear bombs

00:36:42
explode the game helps ease
the young girl's fears

00:36:51
and it lived that means there is

00:36:53
a lot of laughter it labor
province in northwestern Syria

00:37:00
is the last opposition held
territory in the country it has

00:37:07
been at the center of

00:37:09
a military campaign by Syrian
government troops since early December

00:37:16
the Russian military is providing support
to the government offensive more than

00:37:23
900000 civilians have been forced
from their homes since the end of

00:37:30
2019 many now live in
temporary shelters and in

00:37:37
open fields near the Turkish
border as the troops neared

00:37:43
Muhammad's hometown of Saddam
2 months ago he fled with his

00:37:50
wife and daughter to the town of
Samarra they are now staying in

00:37:57
a house there offered to him by

00:38:00
a friend. Muhammad and his 3
year old daughter Salma have

00:38:06
become Internet celebrities after of
video they recorded was shared widely

00:38:13
on social media in the video so is wearing

00:38:19
a pink dress as she stands on

00:38:22
a sofa next to her father
Mohammed asks his daughter

00:38:29
is that a plane or a shell

00:38:33
a shell she answers and when
it falls we will laugh as the

00:38:39
sound of the explosion can be heard in
the distance the little girl bursts into

00:38:45
laughter her father laughs with
her Mohammed said he thought

00:38:52
up the game to help his daughter
deal with her fear. Had been

00:38:59
hearing bombs all her life as

00:39:03
a baby there was no fear but
that changed after her 1st year

00:39:09
one day the family was at
home in such a cab during

00:39:15
a feature the holiday that marks the end
of the Muslim holy month of Ramadan

00:39:22
children outside were
celebrating with fireworks and

00:39:27
a big one exploded near the
family's home she was frightened

00:39:34
but I took her out and showed her that
children were playing and laughing Mohammed

00:39:40
said that was how he got the idea
to connect the sound of bombs with

00:39:47
laughter and children playing and to
film himself laughing with his daughter

00:39:54
every time war planes hit
Mohammad said Now every time they

00:40:01
hear warplanes or artillery shells saw what
turns to him and waits for his reaction

00:40:08
. He pulls out his cell phone to record

00:40:12
a video as the 2 wait to hear the
loud noise. Than they were laughing

00:40:21
on

00:40:21
a recent day Mohammad sat and watched
as she played with her toys. He

00:40:29
said the war has destroyed the hopes
and dreams of his generation and those

00:40:36
of their children the most I hope
for is to stay alive along with

00:40:43
my daughter and everyone else he said
We forgot about the bigger hopes they

00:40:49
don't exist anymore.

00:41:19
Scientists say they used new measuring
methods to confirm that cloud

00:41:25
seeding can produce snow fall
under the right conditions

00:41:32
researchers used radar and other
instruments to measure snowfall levels

00:41:39
during experiments carried out in
2017 in the American state of Idaho

00:41:48
the experiments involved scientists from
several American universities as well

00:41:55
as the u.s.

00:41:56
National Center for
Atmospheric Research or n c a

00:42:01
r

00:42:03
a study reporting the results was recently
published in Proceedings of the National

00:42:09
Academy of Sciences. Cloud seeding
has been tested in parts of the

00:42:16
United States since the 1940 s.

00:42:20
It involves injecting various
substances into clouds to produce

00:42:26
precipitation rain snow or
ice that falls to the ground

00:42:34
the process can cause ice to form and
build up inside the clouds until it falls

00:42:42
some Western u.s.

00:42:43
States including Idaho and Colorado
have increased cloud seeding in recent

00:42:50
years to help meet

00:42:52
a growing water demand until now
however it has been difficult

00:42:59
for scientists to measure the
effectiveness of the process

00:43:05
researchers have mainly used instruments
to compare the amount of precipitation

00:43:12
from seeded clouds to similar clouds
that were not seeded but such

00:43:18
studies have brought mixed results
this is partly because many elements

00:43:25
influence natural precipitation which
makes it hard to narrow down exact

00:43:31
cause and effect results the
research operation over

00:43:38
western Idaho was called Snowie it
involved shooting small amounts of

00:43:45
a chemical compound called silver
iodide from an airplane into clouds

00:43:52
the chemical can cause water in the clouds
to freeze into ice and then fall as snow

00:44:00
in the new experiments the scientists
used radar equipment together with

00:44:06
precipitation measuring instruments
to collect data. The use of

00:44:13
airborne and ground based radar permitted
the team to observe the entire process

00:44:20
and compare the side by side
seated and unseeded areas the

00:44:27
n.c.a.r.

00:44:28
Said in

00:44:29
a statement in at least 3
cases the seeding measurably

00:44:35
boosted the snowfall across the
targeted watershed the statement said

00:44:42
in some areas the cloud seeding created new
snowfall where no natural snow existed

00:44:50
one cloud seeding flight resulted in
precipitation that produced snowfall for about

00:44:57
67 minutes the researchers
estimated the 3 cases

00:45:03
described in the study produced

00:45:06
a combined precipitation total
that could fill about $285.00

00:45:12
a lympics sized swimming pools The
researchers also used computer

00:45:19
modeling to study precipitation measurements
during simulated weather activity the

00:45:26
scientists say they hope to use the real
results from the new experiments to

00:45:31
improve future computer modeling
predictions. Brian Len.

00:45:52
Welcome to the making of a nation
American history in v.o.a.

00:45:58
Special English. The stock
market crash of 1929

00:46:05
began

00:46:05
a long and difficult period for the
United States. President Herbert Hoover

00:46:12
struggled to find solutions as the nation
sank into the worst economic crisis

00:46:19
and its history but the Great Depression
was not the only problem demanding

00:46:26
answers from Hoover the
president also had to deal with

00:46:31
a number of foreign policy issues
I'm Mario writter with Chris Cruz

00:46:38
we look at how the great depression affected
relations between the United States

00:46:45
and other countries my.

00:46:55
Person. Says when I.

00:47:03
Forget to pray.

00:47:10
To God.

00:47:22
There were revolutions in
South America Japan launched

00:47:27
a campaign of aggression in northeastern
China and the economic situation in

00:47:33
America created serious problems
in relations with Europe Hoover

00:47:40
succeeded in some areas of his foreign
policy but he failed to solve

00:47:46
America's economic troubles and
like most Americans he failed

00:47:53
to recognize the importance of political
changes taking place in Japan and Germany

00:48:01
Herbert Hoover's foreign policy was marked
by his desire to make friends and avoid

00:48:08
war. Like most Americans the new
president had been shocked by World War

00:48:15
One Hoover had seen the results of
that terrible war with his own eyes

00:48:23
he led the international effort to feed
the many European victims of the fighting

00:48:30
the new president was also a Quaker

00:48:34
a member of the Religious Society
of Friends Quakers oppose war

00:48:42
Hoover shared the wish of most Americans
that the world would never again fight

00:48:48
a major war to him the bloody
bodies at fair done the Marne

00:48:55
and the other battlefields of World War
One showed the need to seek peace through

00:49:01
negotiations Hoover worked toward
this goal even before he entered the

00:49:08
White House following his election he
had several months before becoming

00:49:15
President Hoover used this time
to travel to Latin America for 10

00:49:21
weeks he wanted to show Latin American
nations but they could trust the United

00:49:28
States to honor their rights
as independent nations Hoover

00:49:35
kept his word the year after he took
office his administrator announced

00:49:42
that it would recognize the governments
of all Latin American countries including

00:49:49
governments but the United States did
not like Hoover told the American

00:49:55
people that he would not follow the Latin
American policies of President Theodore

00:50:02
Roosevelt Teddy Roosevelt decided
in 100004 that the United

00:50:09
States had

00:50:10
a right to intervene in Latin America.
If it disagreed with the actions of

00:50:16
governments there who ever said this
was wrong he told the country that

00:50:23
it was more important to use
friendship than to use force.

00:50:40
Hoover with the true American forces from
Nicaragua he also arranged to withdraw

00:50:47
them from Haiti and he showed restraint
as some 50 revolutions shook the

00:50:53
nations of Latin America some revolutionary
governments oppose the United

00:51:00
States they refused to pay debts to
American companies or they claimed

00:51:07
ownership of foreign property but Hoover
refused to advance American interests

00:51:14
by force he wanted to prove that the
United States could treat Latin American

00:51:21
nations as equals that
policy was quite successful

00:51:28
relations between the United States and
Latin American countries generally improved

00:51:34
under Herbert Hoover's leadership the
situation in Europe was much more

00:51:41
difficult and much more serious for the
United States the problem was simple

00:51:48
money the Great Depression did
not stop at America's borders

00:51:54
it moved to Britain Europe and beyond
and it brought it stream Lee hard

00:52:01
economic conditions in Germany the
value of the national currency

00:52:08
collapsed inflation forced people to
buy goods with hundreds thousands

00:52:15
even millions of German marks. They lost
faith in the system and they looked

00:52:22
for some new leader to provide
solutions the economic crisis

00:52:30
also put great pressure on the international
circle of debt that had been created

00:52:36
after the war suddenly American
bankers could no longer make

00:52:43
loans to Germany this meant that Germany
could not pay back war debts to France

00:52:50
and the other allied nations
in the war to end all wars and

00:52:57
without this money the allied nations could
not repay money that they owed American

00:53:03
banks the circle of debt fell
apart wise you would I began

00:53:10
standing in low. In your
home and worried the.

00:53:21
Ones like build

00:53:22
a railroad. I made it. Made it rain again

00:53:29
. On the railroad. Now it's

00:53:36
the. Brother. Kenny.

00:53:43
The situation grew worse and worse
throughout the early months of 1930

00:53:51
Hoover finally had to announce that all
nations could delay their deck payments to

00:53:57
the United States for one year Hoover's
actions did what he wanted it to

00:54:05
it put

00:54:05
a temporary stop to the international
debt crisis but it caused great damage to

00:54:12
private banks people lost faith
in the banking system. Throughout

00:54:19
Europe people withdrew
their money from banks as

00:54:24
a result the European banks
could not group a more than

00:54:28
a $1000000000.00 that they had
borrowed from private American banks

00:54:35
this was not the only problem nations
throughout Europe were also forced to take

00:54:42
their currencies off the gold standard
basement their money no longer could be

00:54:49
exchanged for gold be economic
situation grew worse and as

00:54:56
it did serious political tensions
began to threaten peace in Asia and

00:55:03
Europe the threat in Asia became clear 1st

00:55:09
Japan had defeated Russia in

00:55:11
a war in 100005 this victory
gave Japan control over the

00:55:18
economy of the southern part of what was
then called Manchuria in northeastern

00:55:25
China as years passed Japan began
to feel threatened by 2 forces

00:55:33
1st Chinese leaders saying Kai-Shek was
trying to organize all of China under the

00:55:40
control of his nationalist
forces 2nd Russia was

00:55:46
extending the Chinese Eastern Railway to
the Russian port city of lot of off stock

00:55:54
Japan's army took control of the
government in Tokyo in the late 1931

00:56:02
the Army was fearful of the growing
threat to Japan's control of Manchuria so

00:56:09
it moved Japanese troops immediately
into several Manchurian cities and it

00:56:16
claimed political control of the whole
area. President Hoover and most

00:56:23
Americans strongly opposed Japan's aggression
but they were not willing to take any

00:56:30
action that might lead
to another world war.

00:56:46
Japan's military leaders knew that the
people of Europe and America had no

00:56:53
desire to fight to protect
China and so but Japanese army

00:57:00
marched on it invaded the huge city
of Shanghai killing thousands of

00:57:06
civilians Western leaders condemned
the action American Secretary of

00:57:13
State Henry Stimson said the United
States would not recognize Japanese

00:57:20
control in B.'s areas of
China but again Hoover

00:57:26
refused to consider any economic actions
against the Japanese and he strongly

00:57:33
opposed taking any military
action the League of Nations also

00:57:40
refused to recognize Japan's takeover
it called Japan the aggressor in

00:57:46
Manchuria Japan reacted simply
it withdrew from the League of

00:57:53
Nations most Americans were not
happy about Japan's aggression

00:58:00
but they were not willing to fight force
with force this was less true however for

00:58:06
secretary of state Stimson Stimson was

00:58:11
a follower of the old ideas of President
Theodore Roosevelt. He believed

00:58:17
a nation could only have

00:58:19
a strong foreign policy by being strong
and using its military power in times

00:58:26
of crisis but Stimson's
voice was in the minority

00:58:32
most Americans did not believe Japan really
threatened the security of the United

00:58:38
States and they were not ready to risk
their lives to help people in China

00:58:45
opinions changed only after Japanese
planes attacked the American naval base at

00:58:52
Pearl Harbor Hawaii in
December of 1941 the

00:58:59
same story was true in Europe but France
was worried about the rising power of the

00:59:06
Nazis in Germany and the
fascists in Italy and Spain

00:59:13
France proposed the creation of an eater
national army Hoover opposed that

00:59:19
idea he called for all nations
to reduce their weapons he

00:59:26
believed that negotiation not force
was the way to solve the problem

00:59:33
but the new leaders in Germany and Japan
would listen much more closely to the boot

00:59:40
steps of marching troops than
to the high words of peace.

00:59:48
And that's our program for today listen
again tomorrow to learn English 3 stories

00:59:55
from around the world I'm Jonathan
Evans and I'm Ashley Thompson.

01:00:16
I'm David for. China has reported
$327.00 confirmed cases of the

01:00:22
coronavirus but that's down from $433.00
the day before the World Health

01:00:29
Organization says it is disturbed though
that the disease seems to be spreading

01:00:33
more rapidly around the globe
as Lisa reports the w.h.o.

01:00:38
Says the virus can be contained if nations
take the right measures the World Health

01:00:43
Organization reports the number of new
infections of Corona virus appears to be on

01:00:48
the decline in China while the disease is
spreading more rapidly around the globe

01:00:53
w.h.o. Chief Tadros I don't
know whose acknowledges this is

01:00:58
a matter of concern but he knows the virus
can be contained to fall nations take

01:01:03
the right measures if you act aggressively
now you can contain this fire you

01:01:10
can prevent people getting sick you can
save lives Tater says this virus is not

01:01:17
just.

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